Hungary (Hungarian Magyar country) - a state in Central Europe, bordered by Slovakia, Austria, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. Hungary has a mainly flat terrain. Most of it is located on the Middle-plain. The western part of the valley (Dunantul) dissected by numerous hills up to 300 meters east - has a flat low-lying terrain. North-west of the country is lowland Kishalfeld, bounded on the west foothills of the Alps, a height of 500-800 m (Irott-ke: 883 m). To the north of Lake Balaton stretch Srednevengerskie mountain plateau-like arrays with a height of 400-700 meters in the southern part Dunantulya Mecsek blocky tower height to 681 m (Mount Zeng). In northern Hungary are the spurs of the Western Carpathians up to 1000 m They are divided by broad valleys and rivers are separate volcanic areas and limestone plateau. Here (in the matrix) is also the highest point in Hungary - Kekes Mountain (1014 m). In the mountains, on the border with Slovakia is one of the largest limestone caves in Europe with underground rivers and lakes.
The situation in Hungary is surrounded by mountains caused continental type of climate with mild winters and hot summers. Annual precipitation of 450 mm in the east to 900 mm in the mountains.
All rivers belong to the basin of the Danube in Hungary. Danube itself crosses the country from north to south for 410 km. The largest lake - Lake Balaton is a major international tourist destination. Near its western end is Europe's largest thermal lake of origin - Hévíz, which is mud-bath resort.
Vegetation cover Hungary significantly change a person. Most parts of the dominant cultural vegetation - arable land, orchards and vineyards. Preserved forest in the mountains and occupy about 20% of the territory (up to an altitude of 800-1,000 m grow broadleaf forests are found above the spruce-fir). The soil cover is represented by black soil plains in Alfede solonchaks in the mountains - brown earth and rendzina.
Hungary is famous for its rich excursion program delicious cuisine th, famous wines, as well as the opportunity to improve their health spas and make a profitable purchase. Main benefits stay in Hungary - low prices, good service, close to the Ukraine. Hotels in Hungary quality, even 2-3 * European level.
Every year the city Bogács, one of the most beautiful resort towns in Hungary, attracts a large number of visitors. The beauty of nature and the fresh air of the northern mountains Bükk and hot spring rich cultural program is a paradise for tourists. Thermal water with a temperature of 76 degrees Celsius, was found during oil well drilling, the depth of 480 meters. Therapeutic bath in the open air all year, and its water is used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, arthritis and diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and effectively treat some gynecological diseases, diseases of the stomach, liver and gall bladder.
Almost the entire country is full of historical, cultural and natural monuments of world importance. Hungary ("Pannonian") was once the eastern border of the Roman Empire and before the arrival of the Hungarians here in the middle reaches of the Danube Romans lived, Germanic and Slavic tribes. Hunters looking for today on the banks of the Tisza grave of Attila, the legendary leader of the Huns, who visited here during the great migration of peoples. In 896 from the east came to the valley of the Danube Hungarian tribes. On the stormy events of history and show the unique architectural style of Hungarian cities and luxurious collections of numerous museums and exhibition halls. Monuments from Roman times side by side here with buildings age of Turkish rule, Romanesque churches Leben, Pannohalme and Jake - with medieval fortresses Eger Sümeg and Shikloshe. Palaces in Shiraki, Sheregeyeshe Nadtsenke and "framed" picturesque small towns typical of the local architecture, in which every house in their own unique and original. Resort area of Lake Balaton, over 150 mineral springs, hot lake of Heviz, spas of Budapest, Balatonfoldvar, Balatonfüred, Heviz, Debrecen, Hajduszoboszlo, Sarvar, and others, have created a reputation of one of Hungary's best resort areas in Europe. Budapest, "the pearl of the Danube", is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Panorama Central, the Buda part of the city with views of the Danube, enlisted in the UNESCO World Heritage list of the planet. Budapest consists of three historically parts - Pest, Buda and Óbuda combined in 1872 in one city. In the first century AD by the Romans on the Danube town was founded Aquincum ("heavy water"), and on the opposite bank of the river at that time was included strengthening Kontrakvink. City, who grew up on the spot Aquincum, and was named Buda. In the XIII century. after the devastating Mongol invasion of the city center was moved to the fortress hill, where he was elevated to the Royal Palace and defending his castle. Buda was called now is a new settlement, and the former was called Óbuda, ie, the "Old Buda". And in place of the former grew Kontrakvinka center of crafts and trade - Pest.
Familiarity with the city is best to start with openwork bridge the Danube, each of which is a remarkable architectural works. The oldest bridge - Chain Bridge ("Chain Bridge"), which was built in 1849. As a good starting point for excursions to the city - the central square of the capital, which bears the name of the Holy Trinity. In the middle of the square stands a monument to the Holy Trinity, erected in memory of the victims of the plague epidemic in the early XVIII century. The main decoration of the area - the famous Matthias church (1247), which became the burial place of the wedding, and many Hungarian kings. Next to him is one of the main attractions of the Buda Castle - Fisherman's Bastion ("Halasbashtya"). From his lookout offers spectacular views of the Danube and Pest. In this part of the city is also interesting to visit the Church of St. Anne and the mausoleum of Gul Baba turbot (1543-1548 gg.) - Tomb of the Turkish dervish, venerated as a saint. In the southern part of the Castle Mountain rises massive ensemble of the Royal Palace (built in 1790 on the site of the palace, which was destroyed by the Turks in the capture of Buda in 1686), which now has several museums. The most popular of them - the National Gallery ("Nemzeti Galleria"). Virtually the entire territory of the Castle District stretches a whole system of natural caves, converted in the Middle Ages under the cellars and strengthening. Here is a beautiful chapel of St. Michael, the tower of the church of Mary Magdalene, a unique museum pharmacy "Golden Eagle", the Hungarian Museum of Trade and hospitality, izraelitskaya chapel, Telephone Pioneer Museum, the Museum of the history of music and a lot of interesting galleries.
St. Stephen's Basilica - one of the main attractions and the largest church in the city with capacity for 8,500 people. Consecrated in 1905. It contains the Holy Right Hand - the power of the right hand first Hungarian King Stephen. In the right tower houses the largest bell of the country - it weighs 9 tons. Palace Museum Nadteten family Saraz-Rudnyansky - a fine example of Baroque architecture (XVIII c.). Parliament (1885-1904) - the one of the largest to date of existing buildings of the parliament in the world - in a building area of 17.7 thousand square meters. There are 691 m space, it also was the first to put together and steam heat. Style of the building is very unusual - here and eclectic, and a mixture of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque. It contains the Hungarian Crown and the Crown Jewels. At the top of Gellert Hill (235 m) erected Citadel (1850) with a 40-meter high monument of Liberty at its walls, and at the foot of the mountain is one of the most famous Hungarian baths - "Rudas" built on the source of healing thermal waters, who was known throughout Europe as early as the Arpad dynasty. In addition to one of the most unique hotels in Budapest, the complex also includes an outdoor pool, surrounded by a park, as well as the original pool with foaming water and opening roof. Now the former barracks of the Citadel is a restaurant, pub and cafe espresso.
The park Varoshliget ("Grove City") is swimming "sections" (1913) to the beach - the largest baths in Europe, next to which in 1896 was built the ensemble of 21 buildings, showing Hungarian architectural styles from Romanesque to the Baroque - Fortress "Vajdahunyad." Opposite the fortress, on the area of 13.5 hectares, housed one of the oldest zoos in the world (founded in 1866) and the Botanical Gardens, which are more than four thousand species and 10 plant species, all of which are in conditions as close to their native environment. Next - minaret 31 meters, an employee survey platform. Next to the zoo is "Happy Park" - Hungarian "Disneyland." Here are Museum of Transport, and the Metropolitan Circus Hall of Petofi, which houses the Museum of Aeronautics. The western border Varoshliget goes to Heroes' Square, in the center of which stands the monument to the Millennium of Hungary. It was built in 1896 for the holiday, but in the beginning of the century changed some of his sculptures. Center of the ensemble is 36-meter column with a winged statue of the Archangel Gabriel statue on top and the leaders of seven Hungarian tribes that came in 896 on the territory of modern Hungary. On both sides of the column - a semicircular colonnade with bronze statues of outstanding Hungarian history. On the left, the Heroes Square, stands the building of the Museum of Fine Arts.
Bridges between Arpad and Margaret is Margaret Island - another attraction of the capital. Its length is 2.5 km., And the maximum width - 500 m This is a favorite vacation spot budapeshttsev and guests. The island contains two hotels of high category, many restaurants and cafes, the beach "Palatinus", also here you can stroll through the charming Japanese garden, which is located close to the open-air theater, where the annual spend the summer theater festivals. Here are the ruins of the Franciscan cathedral female Dominican convent, the church of St. Michael, the old water tower, which plays every hour "musical fountain", and a sports center. In parallel, Margaret Island, on the west bank of the Danube, is the oldest district of the capital - Óbuda ("Old Buda"), to a much greater extent preserved its ancient appearance - small houses in the style of the late Baroque and Rococo, narrow tree-lined streets with small taverns and restaurants. The past reminds carefully protected monuments, such as the Main Square ("Fe ter") or the remnants of the buildings of the ancient Roman settlement of Aquincum - "Aquincum" with an excellent museum, which stands next to the ruins of the Roman civil. But the greatest interest of the military amphitheater near the museum - one of the largest amphitheaters that existed in the Roman provinces.
Among the major museums of the capital particularly distinguished National Historical Museum in Hungary, the Hungarian Museum of Art and the Hungarian National Museum of Natural History, and the palace complex with a church in the Gothic style in Buda and Belvaroshe Parish Church - the oldest building in Pest (here even preserved metric records from 1688 g). During the Turkish rule the church was the only Christian church of the capital - the rest were destroyed or rebuilt. Vaci pedestrian street - another tourist center of the capital, there are many shops with traditional and modern clothing, as well as many shops that sell "Hungarian national asset" - goose pate, salami, Tokaj wine, liquor "Unicum" Cherry Palinka, marzipan figures and street vendors of souvenirs.
Szekesfehervar, built on the site of an ancient Roman settlement "Alba Regia", famous for the ancient museum "Gorziuma Ruins" and the cathedral XVIII century on the foundations of the Church of XI century. In Szolnok sure to visit the Archaeological Museum, and in Miskolc - Museum of the Scythian culture and objects of the Bronze Age. Nirbator known for its apples and Gothic churches. Shombateli attracts tourists the ruins of the ancient Roman settlement and the episcopal palace of XVIII century. In Szeged interesting XIII century tower and a large cathedral with two spiers, and glorify Him in the world of unusual fish soup and feast in her honor and the best in the country salami. At the foot of the Visegrad mountains are two ancient royal residence - the Visegrad to the summer residence of the Hungarian kings, and Esztergom - the center of the Catholic Church in Hungary, the location of the country's largest cathedral. Not far from Esztergom are excellent mineral springs resort area. Szentendre, a unique "Marzipan Museum" put thousands of examples of this "sweet miracle", including a fairly large capital layout of Parliament, made entirely of white and brown marzipan.
In the North-West region of the country are the most developed tourist ski resorts. In a beautiful valley between the mountains and the Bükk Matra 130 km. Eger is the capital - one of the most beautiful cities of the Hungarian Baroque architecture, preserved medieval layout and many monuments. In medieval castle Eger (XIII c.) Won fame in the fight against the Turkish conquerors. Today, most of the rooms of the fortress turned into a museum in the episcopal palace (XVI-XVIII centuries). Operates Memorial Museum. Istvan Dobo, who led the defense of the famous 1552. On the second floor of the palace is an art gallery, and in the underground rooms are carefully preserved defenses and lapidary. Operate separate prison exposure, Mint (where you can cut down his own coin), a unique Archery shooting range and wine cellars "Ishpotay." Every year in the last week of July in the historic fortress held Tournament "Fun Border Fortress" with chivalric tournament grounds and musical theater program.
One of the major attractions of Hungary - the resort area of Lake Balaton. The shore of the beautiful lake annually fills countless tourists who come here hoping to enjoy sunbathing and gentle waves of the lake, to find peace in the contemplation of the beauty of the surrounding landscape, as well as improve your health at the famous resorts of the lake. Lake is rich in fish literally attracts many fans of fishing, in every major resort center, there are also tennis courts and a golf course and other sports. Horseback riders have a great opportunity to satisfy his passion for the sport in Tihany, Szantod, Keszthely Nadvazhoni or, in many places in the vicinity of Lake Balaton, one after another opened a riding school. In the hills along the northern shore of Lake Balaton in the XVI century, grew a number of fortresses, castles and resorts. In a semi-circle long extinct volcanoes off the coast lies "Kal pool" saline lakes surrounded by tiny pastoral villages. The most beautiful lake - Sentbekkalayskoe. At the edge of the pool are unique volcanic structures - numerous stone "women" fantastic shape. In the valley of Kali, located just outside the coastal holiday villages, knocked out of the ground carbon source Kekkuti ("blue power"), and healing water of the famous local source Theodore appear on the menu of many restaurants of the country.
Tihany - modern tourist center. Two-towered church dominates the landscape from afar attracts travelers to the peninsula, the area which is now declared a protected zone. The Church and the Benedictine Monastery (founded in 1055) are the oldest buildings in the vicinity of Lake Balaton. The crypt of the old church remained intact to this day. From the alley, departing from the church, offering breathtaking views of the lake and surroundings. In the area of the village you can see Ervenesh old water mill with a museum (one of the oldest in Eastern Europe), and in the town Balatonudvar - Cemetery reserve with gravestones in a heart shape carved in limestone. We have Tihany and its own, quite apart from the Balaton lake Belshé something ("Inland Lake") with a radius of 700 meters, turning blue blooms in spring throughout the county lavender plantations. Also, the constant attention of tourists enjoy the unique stone cone, created by ancient geysers, one of the most beautiful buildings coast - Gold House ("Aranhaz"), is also an interesting museum Benedictine monastery, the Ethnographic Open-Air Museum and Puppet Museum.
Balatonfüred - an ancient therapeutic spa, world-renowned cardiac resort, here from the ground to the surface come naturally carbonated springs, healing water which is used for medicinal purposes and for drinking and for various kinds of baths since Roman times. Near the source of Kossuth, the striker in the center city park on the Spa area ("Dodter"), is well known in the world of cardiological sanatorium with picturesque arcades and columns that treats people with cardiovascular disease. Close to the city is a huge cave mark around the world and a unique tower on Mount Tamas.
At the western end of Lake Balaton is the oldest built on the shore of Lake City - Keszthely. Along with comfortable and well-maintained beaches, Keszthely offers familiarity with ancient streets and secluded located in a magnificent park palace Festetics family in Baroque style. At the end of XVIII century, it was founded by the famous palace library "Helicon", numbering about 52,000 volumes. Every summer once a week, the International Conference and brilliant concerts. Gorgeous and the Museum of Lake Balaton, in the halls of that, almost all of the history of the lake, its flora and fauna, ethnography and the development of recreation and tourism. In the neighborhood are unique Buddhist stupa in Zalasanto, Museum Africa, and this medieval fortress Sümeg.
Northern shore of Lake Balaton is famous for its unique "bodies" - Lava "pipes" of ancient volcanoes (diameter at Mount St. György reaches a meter) and excellent wines - sunny hillsides, the surface of which is covered with volcanic rock, creating the perfect conditions for the development of the wine region known outside the country. Around town Tapoltsa is another miracle of nature - a cave, in the depths of which lies a crystal clear lake, surrounded by literally necklace caves, corridors and halls.
Badacsony - also known wine region, here are some of the best wine cellars in the country and produce famous brand "Syurkebarat" and "Keknelyu." Not far from the city, on the southern slope of the basalt mountain height 437 meters, is the whole "garland" excellent restaurants and wine pubs, and from the observation deck at the top of the mountain Kisfaludy magnificent panorama. Not far from the marina is a house-museum of artist Jozsef Egri. From the belvedere Pahoy ("bed"), built right on the edge of a cliff, a beautiful view of almost the entire lake. At the top of the nearby mountain rises another local attraction - sigligetskaya fortress built in the XIII century.
In contrast to the rocky and stony, swiftly disappearing into the depths northern shore of Lake Balaton, the beaches of the southern coast attracts tourists to its velvety sand and reduced gradually down. Fonyod - the largest and oldest settlement on the southern coast. Lonely Mountain, overlooking the plains, from a distance draws attention to the town. Surrounded by beaches Fonyod comfortable - a bustling tourist center with a beautiful harbor and the busy life in the city center. Siofok - one of the most popular holiday centers not only in the south coast, but only Balaton.