Germany - Europe's largest economy, the locomotive of the European economy and the leader of the European Union. After suffering a crushing defeat in the most terrible war in history, Germany was not only able to rise from the ruins, but also to regain the respect in the world. All this was, would be impossible without the legendary industrious German people and the age-old culture, the love for the people of Germany, which helped in the most difficult moments in German history. German history is more than two thousand years. The first mention of the Germans and the Celts appeared in the writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans. For the first time the word "Germany" was used the famous Julius Caesar in his "Notes on the Gallic War" - as he called home tribes living beyond the Rhine. Germans were among the few who defended their freedom against the Roman military machine. Arminius, the leader of the German tribes, smashed three Roman legions in the Teutoburg Forest, is considered a symbolic figure in Germany. German state has gone from a fragmented principalities "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" to the modern Federal Republic of Germany. Modern Germany - industrialized, democratic republic. In Germany, the federal structure. The political system of the state is divided into two levels: federal, where the nation-wide accepted solutions of international importance, and regional, which solved the problem of the federal lands. Each level has its own executive, legislative and judicial branches.
The head of state - the federal president, who performs most representative functions and appoint the Federal Chancellor. The Federal Chancellor is the head of the German Government, and manages the activities of the federal government. The head of the executive branch at the level of the Federation is the Prime Minister, or the mayor, city land. Germany
The outcome of World War II radically changed the military concept of Germany. According to the constitution, Germany has the right to take part in wars of conquest. This limitation is a matter of constant debate. Its armed forces, the Bundeswehr, are on the protection of the sovereignty and integrity of Germany and other NATO countries. Only recently the Bundeswehr is involved in various activities aimed at maintaining peace. This became possible after the decision of the Constitutional Court, for allowing the use of the German armed forces to UN peacekeeping missions, and for each case the consent of the Bundestag, which until now had only been offered to time constraints. German troops involved in counter-terrorism operations in Afghanistan. Most of all, Germany is known for its contribution to world culture. It is difficult to find a country which gave humanity as brilliant philosophers, poets, writers, musicians and scientists. Kant and Hegel, Goethe and Schiller, Bach and Wagner, Planck and Einstein forever remain a symbol of Germany, its contribution to world culture and science. Welcome to the website dedicated to Germany! Here you will learn a lot about this wonderful country, you can take a virtual tour of German cities and the earth, to see the sights of Germany, to learn a lot about the history and culture of the great Central European power.
Germany attracts tourists picturesque Rhine Valley with many medieval castles and monasteries, ancient culture of Bavaria, the scenic Black Forest, calm Baltic coast and many historic monuments. South of the country is famous for its clean lakes and mountain resorts in the foothills of the Alps, as well as its wine, the main centers are also located in the southern river valleys.
Berlin - "Revival Capital" united Germany, situated at the confluence of the rivers Spree and Havel in the geographical center of the country. The first settlements in the territory of modern Berlin appeared about 10 thousand years ago, around the year 700 BC. e. old Germanic tribes settled here, and in the VI-VII centuries. n. e. West Slavic tribes appeared, which gave the modern name of the city ("Berlin" - a fishing village, transportation). In 1244, Berlin is already mentioned in the chronicles of the city. List all the attractions of the German capital is very difficult - all the historical center of the city, in fact, is a collection of historical, cultural and architectural monuments, however, was severely damaged during the bombing and the assault on Berlin in 1945 Hallmark of the city are magnificent Brandenburgckie Gates (1788-1791 gg.) To a checkpoint "Charlie" - a symbol of the "cold war" (now a museum), the west wall is preserved area infamous "Berlin Wall" divided the city into a period of "great conflict." Length of the wall was about 155 km. (43.1 km. Come directly over the city), and reached a height of 4.1 m Equipped with 293 watchtowers, 57 bunkers and Pillbox, braided many hundreds of kilometers of barbed wire and a limited 100-meter right-of-way, the wall has become a symbol of the division of Germany and was literally swept away by demonstrators in the country's unification, and its fragments have become souvenirs. Very attractive miraculously survived the fires of World War II St. Hedwig's Cathedral (1747-1773 gg.), The Arsenal (1695-1706 gg.), St. Nicholas Cathedral in the Gothic style (XIV c.), The world's Berlin Zoo Tsoyghauza building (now here is the German Historical Museum), the Gothic Marienkirche church and others were built almost from scratch such famous monuments of the city, as the German State Opera, the Reichstag (1884-1894 gg.), street Unter den Linden, the Bellevue Castle (1785 .), Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kirche, lock Charlottenberg (XVII-XVIII centuries.) and whole blocks of buildings Classic XVIII-XIX centuries. Many new facilities have given the city a unique modern look - the Berlin TV Tower (365 meters), known for its extensive collection of botanical garden, a complex of monuments to Soviet soldiers who died - Treptow Park Hanzafirtel, ballet Carnival, City Library, International Convention Centre, the Philharmonic, Europa Center, Berlin Green Bandstand, etc. Also interesting majestic palace Fridrihshtadtpalas, Shenebergskaya Hall, Alexanderplatz, the famous Red Town Hall, the fountain "Neptune", Hall Kongresshalle, area Emst-Reuters, New Synagogue, the area Braytshaydplatts, gloomy headquarters building secret Police GDR - "Stasi", watches "The Globe", the Church of Remembrance, etc. Concentrated in the city many fine museums and art collections, most of which has a long history - Museum Foundation of Prussian castles, Arts Gallery in Dahlem with a magnificent collection of Old Master paintings, sculptures, Indian, Oriental and Islamic art, which began collecting more Friedrih Great, Egypt Museum Gallery. Bode, one of the most extensive and diverse collection of European painting period XIII-XVIII c., Kulturforum, New National Gallery and the Museum Island on the River. Spree with museums and Pergamon-Stiftung Proysisher Kulturbezitts etc. One of the most beautiful places around the city - Potsdam, the former from the XVII century. residence of the Prussian kings. This magnificent architectural complex in the Baroque and Classical situated on the River Havel and famous for its beautiful palaces and mansions Schloss Sanssouci Wilhelm II, which in July 1945 passed the famous Potsdam Conference.
Bremen (included along with the city of Bremerhaven in the federal state of Bremen as a separate city) lies on the banks of the river. Weser and is known as one of the oldest cities in the country. Bremen city center is the old market square with town hall (1405-1410 gg.) And St. Peter (XI cent.), There also is the building of the city parliament (1966), built to replace the destroyed before the foundation of Anglo-American bombing of the old parliament and miraculously preserved medieval burghers houses and symbol of the city - a 10-meter sculpture of Roland (1405). Before the Town Hall (1405-1410 gg., Rebuilt in 1608-1612 gg.) Stands the famous sculptural group "The Bremen Town Musicians". The most famous street in Bremen - Betthershtrasse, has a length of 100 m and consists of only seven buildings built in the XVII., Which in itself is a unique monument of architecture, they settled zvonarnitsa, three museums, gallery and theater. Bremen's attractions are also velichesvenny Bremen Cathedral (XI-XIII cc.) And old street Shnervirtel. "Free City" Hamburg lies on the banks of the river. Elbe 110 km. from its exit it in the Baltic Sea. It is the largest sea and the fourth largest river port in Germany, one of the best anchorages in the Baltic Sea and a major yachting center. Perhaps no other city in Europe has such a number of streets and covered passages, starting right from the shopping center of the city - the Hamburg court. Throughout Europe famous passage, "Hansevirtel", "Gergof", "Gansemarkt" and "Neue Gansemarkt." Hamburg is one of the richest cities in the country, where the offices of many trading firms, banks and insurance companies. Most of the old buildings of the city destroyed during the war, but is considered a symbol of "Michelle" - the 132-meter high tower of the Church of St. Michael, hardly suffered and has been carefully restored.
Bavaria - the largest and most visited by tourists of Germany. Because of its cultural diversity, rich history and peculiar geographical position, Bavaria is considered one of the best tourist areas, not only Germany but all over Europe. This area is famous for its variety of nature - it is here that extends the famous Bavarian Alps, is a lot of picturesque lakes (Chiemsee, Starnberger See, Ammersee and the western part of Lake Constance), extensive alpine pastures, forests and many rivers. It is here that there is a unique National Park "Bavarian Forest". Munich is the third largest city in Germany, located near the Alps on the banks of the River Isar. The center of the city is the Marienplatz square with buildings new (XIX c.) And old (in 1470, today there is the Museum of Toys) Town Hall. In the vicinity of the Marienplatz are such famous monuments of the city, as the Church Peterskirche (XI cent.), A beautiful natural ensemble the English Garden, the pedestrian zone and the main shopping-street of the city - Neuhauser Strasse, the street, Tal area of Justice and the oldest botanical garden. The main cathedral of the city and its symbol is the Frauenkirche (Libfrauenkirhe). To the south of the complex of royal residences (XVI-XIX centuries). Located Bavarian National Theater (Bavarian National Opera, 1811-1818 gg.) And the first South German baroque church - Theatinerkirche. Another attraction - the most famous and oldest beer Munich - Hofbräuhaus (XII century.), Located in the heart of the city, in the town Plattsl. It was here in 1923, there was "Beer Hall Putsch", which became the beginning of Hitler's political career. Every autumn (late September - early October) on the meadow Theresienwiese is the most popular annual festival of the world - Beer Festival "Oktoberfest", which takes place nearly two hundred years, for which even brewed a special beer - "curvature". The city is famous for its art galleries worldwide - there are Old and New Pinakothek - one of the best art galleries in Europe, the Bavarian National Museum, Munich City Museum, State Mineralogical and numismatic collections, German Theatre Museum and National Gallery Lenbach. Be sure to visit the unique Museum of BMW.
Nuremberg, the second largest city in Bavaria, is a forest-rich region at the river. Pegnitz. The most beautiful view of the old city is from Fyursterskih gate - a ring of walls Shtadtmauera (XIV-XV centuries.) With lots of gates and towers, the "old town" by Lorenz and lock. Entrance to the old city celebrates "King's Gate" ("Kenigstor") with a huge observation tower, which runs the oldest street of the city - Königstraße, which contains the Church of St. Martha, the German National Museum (the largest museum of art, culture and history of all Germanic countries, founded in 1852) and St. Lorenz Church - the largest church in Nuremberg (XIII-XV centuries.). Not far from the bridge area is Muzeumbreshke Hauptmarkt, with a 17-meter high sculpture Schöne Brunnen Froyenkirhe Church (1352-1361 gg.) And the famous clock "Maenleynlaufen" (1509), Town Hall (1616-1622 gg.) And St. Sebaldus (1225-1273 gg.). Be sure to visit the Nuremberg Toy Museum with toys of all ages and cultures, the Nuremberg Castle and the museum-house of Albrecht Durer, where he lived from 1509 until the last day of his life (1528).
Be sure to visit the famous Bavarian palace and park complex, located in the most picturesque corners of the province. The most famous of them - the former summer residence of Bavarian kings - Nymphenburg Castle, "fabulous" Neuschwanstein castle near the Austrian border, designed as a medieval fortress Castle Hohenschwangau, Castle Linderhof Palace (1869-1879 gg.) With an amazing park, Moorish pavilion and the Temple of Venus and Herrenchiemsee.